Command + space bar brings up spotlight search
You can add colored labels and tags to folders by right clicking on them (right click is control click)
You can create gestures with the trackpad in system preferences > trackpad
If you like using the computer at night but worry about the effect on your sleep cycle, there's a free app called Flux that changes screen temperature depending on the time of day
In launch pad, you can see all your apps and make folders the same way you do on the iPhone or iPad
Might have some more later, I'm a huge apple/Mac user